CHAPTER 7:
STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION- DATABASE
7.1) Storing Organizational
Information…
Ø The
properties and design of database system are included in the study of
information science.
Ø The
central concept of a database is that of a collection of records, or pieces of
information...
7.2)
Relational Database Fundamentals…
Ø Database
maintains information about various type of objects(inventory), events
(transactions), people (employees) and places (warehouses).
Ø In a hierarchical
database model, information is organized into a tree-like structure that allows
repeating information using parent/child relationships in such a way that it
cannot have too many relationships. It is widely used in the first mainframe
database management systems.
Ø The network
database model is a flexible way of representing objects and their
relationships.
Ø The relational
database model is a type of database that stores information in the form of
logically related two-dimensional tables...
7.2.1) Entities and attributes…
v An entity
in the relational database model is a person, place, thing, transaction, or
even about which information is stored.
v Attributes,
also called fields or columns, are characteristics or properties of an entity
class...
7.2.2) Keys and
relationships…
v To
manage and organize various entity classes within the relational database
model, developers must identify primary keys and foreign keys and use them to
create logical relationships.
v A
primary key is a field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given
entity in a table. It is important because they provide a way of distinguishing
each entity in a table.
v Foreign
key in the relational database model is a primary key of one table that appears
as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship
between the two tables.
7.3) Relational Database Advantages…
·
Increase flexibility…
·
Increase scalability
and performance…
·
Reduced information
redundancy…
·
Increase information
integrity (quality)…
·
Increased information
security…
7.4) Database Management System…
·
Define as software
through which users and application programs interact with a database…
·
Two primary ways that
users can interact with a DBMS: directly and indirectly…
·
Data driven websites
is an interactive website kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of
its customers through the use of a database…
·
This is especially
useful when the site offers a great deal of information, products or services…
ADVANTAGES
|
Development: Allow the website owner to make changes any time
|
Content management: a static website requires a
programmer to make updates.
|
Future expandability: Having a data-driven websites
enables the side to grow faster than would be possible with a static site.
|
Minimizing human error: Even the most competent
programmer charged with the task of maintaining many pages will overlook
things and make mistakes.
|
Cutting production and update costs: A data-driven
websites can be updated and published by any competent data-entry or
administrative person.
|
More efficient: By their very nature, computers are
excellent at keeping volumes of information intact.
|
Improve stability: Any programmer who has to update a
website from “static” templates must be very organized to keep track of all
the source files.
|
·
Data driven business
intelligence- companies can gain business intelligence by viewing the data
accessed and analyzed from their website...
Figure 7.1) Interacting directly and indirectly with a database through a DBMS
·
Integration allows
separate systems to communicate directly with each other…
·
Forward integration takes
information entered into a given systems and sends it automatically to all
downstream systems and processes…
·
Backward integration takes
information entered into a given systems and processes…
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